一、实验环境
操作系统：CentOS Linux release 7(Core)
网卡地址：192.168.100.147/24
光盘镜像：CentOS-7-x86_64.iso
安装工具：kickstart + dhcp + tftp + ftp
二、准备工作
2.1 关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop iptables[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
2.2 关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0[root@localhost ~]# getenforce Permissive
三、原理和流程图
四、DHCP服务安装及配置
4.1 安装dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# yum install dhcp -y
4.2 配置dhcpd
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.confdefault-lease-time 600;max-lease-time 7200;log-facility local7;subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.100.2; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option domain-name-servers 192.168.100.2; option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time range dynamic-bootp 192.168.100.60 192.168.100.100; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; next-server 192.168.100.147; filename "pxelinux.0";} 4.3 启动dhcpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start dhcpd
4.4 dhcp服务测试
[root@localhost ~]# ss -nulp | grep dhcpdUNCONN 0 0 *:67 *:* users:(("dhcpd",pid=8769,fd=7))UNCONN 0 0 *:7773 *:* users:(("dhcpd",pid=8769,fd=20))UNCONN 0 0 :::55406 :::* users:(("dhcpd",pid=8769,fd=21)) 也可以启动新服务器，看看能否获取到IP地址
4.5 设置开机自启动（可选）
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable dhcpdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.
五、ftp服务安装及配置
5.1 安装vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y vsftpd
5.2 配置vsftpd
使用默认配置即可
5.3 挂载系统盘
系统安装盘挂载到 /var/ftp/pub 目录下，不要挂载到其它地方，因为 /var/ftp 是 anonymous 匿名用户的家目录
如果是光驱，可以这样挂
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /var/ftp/pubmount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
如果是光盘镜像，可以这样挂
[root@localhost ~]# mount /opt/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso /var/ftp/pub -o loopmount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
查看光盘内容
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/ftp/pubCentOS_BuildTag EULA p_w_picpaths LiveOS repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7EFI GPL isolinux Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 TRANS.TBL
5.4 启动vsftpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd
5.5 ftp服务器测试
[root@localhost ~]# ftp 192.168.100.147Connected to 192.168.100.147 (192.168.100.147).220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)Name (192.168.100.147:root): anonymous331 Please specify the password.Password:230 Login successful.Remote system type is UNIX.Using binary mode to transfer files.ftp> ls227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,100,147,113,88).150 Here comes the directory listing.-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 1068 Aug 09 08:56 ks.cfgdr-xr-xr-x 8 0 0 2048 Dec 09 2015 pub226 Directory send OK.ftp> get ks.cfglocal: ks.cfg remote: ks.cfg227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,100,147,126,155).150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for ks.cfg (1068 bytes).226 Transfer complete.1068 bytes received in 6.8e-05 secs (15705.88 Kbytes/sec)ftp> quit221 Goodbye.[root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg ks.cfg
成功拿到 ks.cfg 则表示 ftp 服务正常
5.6 设置开机自启动（可选）
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vsftpdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service.
六、tftp服务安装及配置
6.1 安装tftp和xinetd服务
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y xinetd[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y tftp-server tftp syslinux-tftpboot
6.2 配置xinetd
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftpservice tftp{ socket_type = dgram protocol = udp wait = yes user = root server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot #默认disable是yes的，把它改为no即可 disable = no per_source = 11 cps = 100 2 flags = IPv4} 6.3 配置tftp-server
[root@localhost ~]# cp /var/ftp/pub/p_w_picpaths/pxeboot/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/[root@localhost ~]# cp /var/ftp/pub/p_w_picpaths/pxeboot/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg[root@localhost ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/defaultdefault linuxprompt 1timeout 60display boot.msglabel linux kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img text ks=ftp://192.168.100.147/ks.cfg
6.4 配置kickstart
以 ~/anaconda-ks.cfg 为模板，再做一些适当的修改
[root@localhost ~]# cp ~/anaconda-ks.cfg /var/ftp/ks.cfg[root@localhost ~]# vi /var/ftp/ks.cfg#version=DEVEL# System authorization informationauth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512# Install OS instead of upgrade install # Use network installation url --url=ftp://192.168.100.147/pub# Use graphical installgraphical# Run the Setup Agent on first bootfirstboot --enable# Keyboard layoutskeyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'# System languagelang en_US.UTF-8 --addsupport=zh_CN.UTF-8# Network informationnetwork --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777736 --onboot=yes --ipv6=autonetwork --hostname=localhost.localdomain# Root password# root密码是: rootrootrootpw --iscrypted $6$7gdZF8XhDef10LyT$2uRiP4qFYaBBTgpggKU/BXKgMDJLWN/BriXXgBwyzkjaz9G9YP/xD08I1OJfgBcPMoURsE5inVIoX.J6aERmR0# System servicesservices --disabled="chronyd"# System timezonetimezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp# System bootloader configurationbootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sdaautopart --type=lvm# Partition clearing informationclearpart --none --initlabel%packages@^minimal@core%end%addon com_redhat_kdump --disable --reserve-mb='auto'%end
修改访问权限
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/ftp/ks.cfg -rw-------. 1 root root 1083 Aug 8 16:39 /var/ftp/ks.cfg[root@localhost ~]# chmod +r /var/ftp/ks.cfg[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/ftp/ks.cfg -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1083 Aug 8 16:39 /var/ftp/ks.cfg
6.5 启动tftp服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start xinetd
6.6 测试tftp服务
[root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg ks.cfg[root@localhost ~]# tftp 192.168.100.147tftp> get vmlinuztftp> quit[root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg ks.cfg vmlinuz
如果能成功拿到 vmlinuz 文件，则表示 tftp 服务器状态正常
6.7 设置开机自启动（可选）
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable xinetdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/xinetd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/xinetd.service.
七、启动安装
到这里已经配置完成了。
系统安装前，需要设置BIOS从网卡启动，安装完后马上改回去
八、注意事项
注意dhcp冲突
注意权限
注意防火墙
注意selinux